Networking

extensible authentication protocol was designed to solve a major problem, the assignment of an IP address after authentication in an IP network . IPSec and SSL run on an IP layer with knowledge of the IP address. Today EAP has become an important part for WLAN. EAP can be used over layer-2, over IP, or […]

Due to lack of IPv4 addresses there are some non-routable private addresses ;these are Class A from 10.0.0.0 until 10.255.255.255, Class B from 172.16.0.0 until 172.16.255.255, and Class C 192.168.0.0 until 192.168.255.255. When communication between devices with the non-routable or private network address is needed with a device in a public network (like the Internet)

The initial ieee 802.11 PAR (project authorization request) states, “…the scope of the proposed [wireless LAN] standard is to develop a specification for wireless connectivity for fixed, portable, and moving stations within a local area.” The PAR further says, “…the purpose of the standard is to provide wireless connectivity to automatic machinery and equipment or

Patch panels are used to provide flexible connections between horizontal station cables and the equipment ports in the wiring closet. Patch panels have modular jacks that are connected so that they correspond to work area outlet jacks or to equipment ports. An example of patch panels is shown in above Figure. The ports on LAN

Unlike copper wire, which can carry electrical signals of any frequency from DC to many megahertz, fiber optic cable is designed to carry light in a range of optical wavelengths. These wavelengths are typically from around 800 to over 1500 nanometers (nm). Operating characteristics of a particular optical fiber are normally specified at discrete wavelengths,

Each insulated wire of a twisted-pair LAN cable is colored differently. The colors form a standard code, so that each wire may be easily found and terminated properly. The color code for 4-pair LAN cables is shown in Table 5.4. Each pair of the cable has complementary colors. For example, pair 1 wires are coded

Twisted-pair wiring utp and stp cable is the most common type of LAN wiring cable in use today. It is versatile, easy to install, inexpensive, and has favorable performance characteristics. Twisted-pair cable is available with or without shielding. It comes in a variety of colors, wire gauges, insulation, twisting, and outer sheath materials. An illustration

The TIA-568-C Commercial Building Telecommunications Wiring Standard describes a generic cabling system that can support many types of LANs, as well as many other telecommunications applications. TIA-568 Cabling Options The TIA-568-C cabling system actually includes four types of cable options: unshielded twisted-pair (UTP). shielded twisted-pair (STP). multimode 50/125 and 62.5/125 optical fiber. single-mode fiber (50-ohm

The 10/100BaseT (and 1000BaseT) Ethernet topology is an active star, rather than the Tapped Bus topology of 10Base5 and 10Base2 . The operation of 100BaseT is identical to 10BaseT. This star topology is quite compatible with the standard home-run method of commercial telephone-style wiring. Although the use of existing telephone wiring was originally the goal

In token ring network Topology, all the nodes are connected to each-other in such a way that they make a closed loop. Each workstation is connected to two other components on either side, and it communicates with these two adjacent neighbors. Data travels around the network, in one direction. Sending and receiving of data takes