Gate valves consist of a solid wedge mounted within the valve body, which is connected to the internal end of the valve stem. A handwheel actuator is connected to the external end of the valve stem for manual operation. When the valve stem is turned completely in the counterclockwise direction, the wedge is raised to […]
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Gate valves consist of a solid wedge mounted within the valve body, which is connected to the internal end of the valve stem. A handwheel actuator is connected to the external end of the valve stem for manual operation. When the valve stem is turned completely in the counterclockwise direction, the wedge is raised to
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Globe valves consist of a solid disc mounted within the valve body, which is connected to the internal end of the valve stem. A handwheel actuator is connected to the external end of the valve stem for manual operation. When the valve stem is turned completely in the counterclockwise direction, the disc is raised to
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Caster angle θ indicates kingpinpivot line and gray area indicates vehicle’s tire with the wheel moving from right to left. A positive caster angle aids in directional stability, as the wheel tends to trail, but a large angle makes steering more difficult. Curves described by the rear wheels of a conventional automobile. While the vehicle
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It is the simplest gear box. The following figure shows 4-speed gear box in neutral position. 4 gears are connected to the lay shaft/counter shaft. A reverse idler gear is mounted on another shaft and always remains connected to the reverse gear of countershaft. This “H” shift pattern enables the driver to select four different
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It is the most common type of clutch plate used in motor vehicles. Basically it consists of only one clutch plate, mounted on the splines of the clutch plate. The flywheel is mounted on engine crankshaft and rotates with it. The pressure plate is bolted to the flywheel through clutch springs, and is free to
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Common rail direct fuel injection is a modern variant of direct fuel injection system for petrol and diesel engines. On diesel engines, it features a high-pressure (over 1,000 baror 100 MPa or 15,000 psi) fuel rail feeding individual solenoid valves, as opposed to low-pressure fuel pump feeding unit injectors (or pump nozzles). Third-generation common rail
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The function of the spark plug is to ignite the fuel air mixture after completion of the compression stroke in an engine. It is generally placed in the combustion chamber of the cylinder head. This is only used in petrol engine
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A plumber is a person who installs and maintains piping for water and their drains and waste systems in a dwelling, business or industrial facility. He installs bathroom appliances such as showers, toilets, sinks, kitchen appliances (e.g. dishwashers), water heaters required in a new or remodelled houses or buildings.Plumbers need various skills to perform their
In centrifugal casting process, molten metal is poured into a revolving mold and allowed to solidify molten metal by pressure of centrifugal force. It is employed for mass production of circular casting as the castings produced by this process are free from impurities. Due to centrifugal force, the castings produced will be of high density
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