automotive engineering

GPS receiver is composed of three primary components: the antenna, which receives the radio frequency (RF) broadcasts from the satellites; the downconverter, which converts the RF signal into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal; and the baseband processor or correlator, which uses the IF signal to acquire, track, and receive the navigation message broadcast from each […]

Automotive cruise control system is an excellent example of the type of electronic feedback control system. Recall that the components of a control system include the plant, or system being controlled, and a sensor for measuring the plant variable being regulated. It also includes an electronic control system that receives inputs in the form of

The principal components put together comprise a conventional braking system that is outlined below together with possible brake system layouts. The discussion of the components begins with the pedal assembly and moves through the brake system finishing with the foundation or wheel brakes. Pedal assembly A brake pedal consists of an arm, pad and pivot

In passenger cars, the tubeless tyre has almost completely ousted the tubed tyre. The main reasons are that the tubeless vs tube tyres is:  easier and faster to fit the inner lining is able to self-seal small incisions in the tyre. In tubeless tyres the inner lining performs the function of the tube, i.e.

The radial ply tyres consists of two bead cores joined together radially via the carcass – hence the name radial tyres. A belt of cords provides the necessary stiffness , whereas the external part of the tyre consists of the tread and sidewall and the interior of the inner lining, which ensures the tyre is

In industrialized countries, cross-ply tyres are no longer used on passenger cars, either as original tyres or as replacement tyre designs , unlike areas with very poor roads where the less vulnerable sidewall has certain advantages. The same is true of commercial vehicles and vehicles that tow trailers, and here too radial tyres have swept

The tyres are crucial functional elements for the transmission of longitudinal, lateral and vertical forces between the vehicle and road. The tyre properties should be as constant as possible and hence predictable by the driver. As well as their static and dynamic force transmission properties, the tyre requirements described below – depending on the intended

In accordance with the German standard DIN 70 023 ‘nomenclature of vehicle components’, the steering column consists of the jacket tube (also known as the outer tube or protective sleeve), which is fixed to the body, and the steering shaft, also called the steering tube. This is only mounted in bearings at the top and

The bypass of the hydraulic circuit and direct steering boost with the aid of an electric motor (electric power steering system ) has additional advantages in terms of weight and engine bay space compared with electro-hydraulic steering, because of the omission of all the hydraulic components. Other advantages are obtained through more variations of the

Hydraulic power steering system is still the most widely used. The method of using oil under pressure to boost the servo is sophisticated and advantageous in terms of cost, space and weight. Sensitivity to movementscaused by the road surface and hence the effect of torsional impacts and torsional vibrations passing into the steering wheel is